Digital tools and environments can be used in several ways to support teaching and learning. The options range from fully virtual courses to hybrid teaching, which combines in-person and remote learning, as well as using digital tools to support face-to-face teaching. However, creating virtual learning experiences is not simply a matter of converting materials into electronic form and placing students in a digital environment. Careful planning and an emphasis on the learning process are essential when designing virtual teaching. The term digital pedagogy refers to the consideration of the unique characteristics of digital environments and their impact on teaching design and the learning process.
The TPACK model that integrates technological, pedagogical and content knowledge (Mishra & Koehler, 2006) is often discussed in relation to digital pedagogy. The core principle of this model is that combining these different domains of knowledge enhances the quality of digital learning. Teaching online or through technology-enhanced methods is therefore not just about technology, pedagogy or content knowledge in isolation, but about the interplay of all three.